不定式课后习题精讲:20题逐题拆解 + 核心句型一网打尽
说明:本文根据一段“习题讲解”课堂录音整理而成。为尽可能完整保留每个知识点、每道题的讲解思路,我在题干处尽量按录音听写还原;个别单词/句子可能存在语音识别误差,我会用「可能原意」作轻微纠正或备注,但不改动老师的解题逻辑。
本节课高频考点总览(先背这一页)
- It is + 形容词 + for sb + to do:对某人来说做某事是……(形容“事”或“情况”)
- It is + 形容词 + of sb + to do:某人做某事真……(形容“人”的品质:kind, clever, rude…)
- It takes sb + 时间/金钱 + to do:做某事花某人……
- 形式主语 it:
It is + adj/n + to do ...,真正主语是后面的to do - 形式宾语 it:
find/think/make + it + adj/n + to do,真正宾语是to do - 不定式否定:
not to do(not 放在非谓语前) - 动词搭配:
tell/ask/want/allow sb to dotry to do(尽力) vstry doing(尝试)- 感官动词
see/hear/watch sb do/doing;变被动要还原 to:sb be seen to do
- 后置定语:
名词 + to do (介词要保留):a place to live in/someone to play with - 目的/结果状语:
to do表目的only to do表结果(多为“意外结果”)
逐题精讲(按录音顺序)
第1题:It is + adj + for/of sb + to do
题干(听写):It's important ___ you ___ work after supper.
答案:for; to(老师:B)
考点:It is + adj + for sb + to do。
讲解要点:
for sb:翻译为“对某人来说”。of sb:翻译为“某人做某事,这个人很……”,强调人的品质。- 本句语义应为“对你来说,饭后散步/活动很重要”(录音里出现
work after supper,更符合语义的可能是 walk,但不影响句型判断)。
第2题:It is + adj + of sb + to do(形容人的品质)
题干(听写):It's very kind ___ you ___ help me.
答案:of; to(老师:B)
考点:It is + kind of sb + to do。
讲解要点:
kind用来评价人的品质:You are kind.- 因为你帮助我,所以“你这个人很善良/友好”。
第3题:It takes sb + 时间 + to do
题干(听写):It always takes me 20 minutes ___ to school.
答案:to go(老师:C)
考点:It takes sb + time + to do。
讲解要点:
- 翻译:去上学这件事花我 20 分钟。
第4题:形式主语 it(真正主语是 to do)
题干(听写):It is our duty ___ our environment.
答案:to protect(老师:A)
考点:It is + n + to do;it 作形式主语。
讲解要点:
- 真正主语:
To protect our environment。 it只占位,让句子更自然。
第5题:tell sb (not) to do(不定式否定 not to do)
题干(听写):I always tell my students ___ on the road because it's really dangerous.
答案:not to play(老师:A)
考点:
tell sb to do- 不定式否定:
not to do
讲解要点:
- 所有非谓语的否定:
not直接放在该形式前:not to do / not doing / not done。
第6题:try to do vs try doing + 不定式否定
题干(听写):We tried ___ any noise for you were sleeping.
答案:not to make(老师:B)
考点:
try to do:尽力/尽量做某事try doing:尝试做某事make noise:制造噪音
讲解要点:
any常出现在否定/疑问语境,提示要用否定。- 因为你在睡觉,所以我们尽量不发出噪音。
第7题:形式宾语 it(find it + adj + to do)
题干(听写):I find ___ important ___ English.
答案:老师:A(结构为 find it important to learn English)
考点:find + it(形式宾语) + adj + to do(真正宾语)。
讲解要点:
- 真正宾语是
to learn English,太长就后置。 important是宾补,用来说明“学英语”这件事。
第8题:不定式作后置定语/目的(修饰 pressure)
题干(听写):The pressure causes Americans to be energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain. The pressure ___ (compete)...
答案:to compete(老师:A)
考点:不定式作后置定语,且可带“目的/用途”色彩。
讲解要点:
- 这里要表达“为了竞争而产生的压力”。
- 分词
competing/having competed与pressure的逻辑主语不合适(压力不能“主动去竞争”)。 to be competed被动不符合语义。
第9题:后置定语 + 介词保留(someone to ... with)
题干(听写):Could you find someone for me ___ play tennis ___ ?
答案:to play ... with(老师:A)
考点:
someone + to do作后置定语- 介词必须保留:
play tennis with someone
讲解要点:
- 正确结构:
Could you find someone for me to play tennis with?
第10题:后置定语 + 介词保留(a place to live in)
题干(听写):Because air pollution has been greatly reduced, the city is still a good place ___.
答案:to live in(老师:D)
考点:a good place + to do;且 live 不及物,后面要接介词 in。
讲解要点:
The city is still a good place to live in.
第11题:with 伴随结构 + 非谓语作后置成分
题干(听写):With a lot of difficult problems ___, the newly elected president is having a hard time ...
答案:老师:C(录音中给出“第11题选择 C 选项”)
考点:
with + n + 非谓语作伴随状语problems与settle的逻辑关系决定非谓语形式
讲解要点(按录音思路):
With a lot of difficult problems to settle:还有很多难题“要解决”。- 这里用
to do强调“待解决/有待完成”。
第12题:service + to do(后置定语)
题干(听写不完整):老师讲到 their service ... 并给出答案。
答案:老师:C
考点(按语境还原):不定式作后置定语(常见:something to do / a chance to do / a way to do ...)。
讲解要点:
- 这题录音中题干缺失较多,但老师的核心仍是:用非谓语把“服务/事情”补充完整,符合“有某事要做/可做”的语义。
第13题:to do 表目的(目的状语)
题干(听写):老师提到 time and labor,并明确考点。
答案:A(老师明确:第13题选 A)
考点:to do 作目的状语:为了……。
讲解要点:
- 录音里老师直接点明:“考查语法点是
to do不定式表目的”。
第14题:make sb do + 目的状语 to do
题干(听写):Mom, why do you always make me eat ...(后面老师解释为“为了……”)
答案:to do(老师:第14题选不定式,引导目的状语)
考点:
make sb do(使役动词)- 句末
to do:目的状语
讲解要点:
- 老师强调:这里的
to do引导目的状语,表达“为了达到某目的而……”
第15题:only to do 表结果(常见“意外结果”)+ 被动不定式
题干(听写):The American troops tried many times to break into the mosque, ... only ___ beaten back.
答案:only to be beaten back(老师:B)
考点:
only to do / only to find:结果状语- 被动:
to be + done
讲解要点:
- 想攻入清真寺(多次尝试)→ 结果每次都被击退。
- 分词形式(
being beaten back / having been beaten back)是后续章节内容;本题更强调“结果”。
第16题:to do 表结果(因……所以……)
题干(听写):We all jumped with great joy ... ___ the news that our country would have joined WTO by the end of the year.
答案:to hear(老师给出:D)
考点:to do 在语境中可表结果/原因链条中的“触发点”。
讲解要点:
- 因为“听到这个消息”,所以大家高兴得跳起来。
to have heard强调先后顺序(明显发生在 jump 之前),本句不需要。
第17题:allow sb to do → 被动 be allowed to do
题干(听写):Drivers shouldn't be allowed ___ after drinking, or they will break the law.
答案:to drive(老师讲解为固定结构)
考点:
- 主动:
allow sb to do - 被动:
sb be allowed to do
讲解要点:
shouldn't be allowed to drive after drinking:不应被允许酒后驾驶。
第18题:interesting vs interested(修饰物 vs 修饰人)
题干(听写):We all like Miss Wang. I agree with you. She always makes her English classes ___.
答案:interesting(老师:C)
考点:
interesting修饰“物/事”interested修饰“人”make + 宾语 + 形容词(使役结构)
讲解要点:
- 修饰的是
English classes(课),所以选interesting。
第19题:感官动词省略 to;变被动要还原 to
题干(听写):He was seen ___ basketball on the playground just now.
答案:to play(老师:还原 to)
考点:
- 主动:
see sb do/doing(do 前可省 to) - 被动:
sb be seen to do(主动省略,被动还原)
讲解要点:
- 句子是被动:
He was seen ... - 因此要把主动里可省的
to还原:He was seen to play basketball ...
第20题:形容词 + to do;介词必须保留(to sit on)
题干(听写):The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable ___.
答案:to sit on(老师:B)
考点:
be + adj + to do(常见:easy/hard/comfortable/difficult...)- 若动词与前面名词存在介词搭配,介词不能丢:
sit on the chair
讲解要点:
- 不能说
sit the chair,必须sit on the chair。 - 所以答案应保留
on:comfortable to sit on。
结尾小结:这套题你真正要会的是什么?
如果你做这 20 题只想带走一张“万能清单”,那就是:
- 看到 it 开头先想两件事:形式主语 / 形式宾语。
- 看到形容词先问:在夸人还是夸事? →
of/for。 - 看到名词后面缺一截解释:优先想
名词 + to do(后置定语),并检查介词是否必须保留。 - 看到被动 + 感官动词:
be seen/heard + to do(别忘了还原 to)。 - not 的位置永远靠前:
not to do。
评论区