时态课后习题课堂笔记（按题串讲版：每题对应知识点）

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01. 过去完成时：过去的过去（before + 一般过去）

题目：When Mark opened the door, he saw a woman standing there. He ____ her before.

• A. never saw
• B. had never seen
• C. never sees
• D. has never seen

考点（知识点标签）：before 触发 过去完成时（过去的过去）；see sb doing sth。

一眼抓手：opened / saw（一般过去） + before（在那之前）。

课堂式推理：

• 先看题干：opened、saw 都是过去发生。
• before 表示“在 opened/saw 之前”。“见过/没见过”这件事发生在过去动作之前 → 过去的过去。
• 所以用 had + done → had (never) seen。

答案：B

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02. 一般过去被动：设备“被损坏”

题目：After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment ____.

• A. is damaged
• B. had damaged
• C. damaged
• D. was damaged

考点：break out；被动语态 be + done；过去叙述 → 一般过去。

一眼抓手：broke out（过去） + equipment 不会主动 damage。

课堂式推理：

• 时间：broke out 是过去。
• 语态：equipment 只能“被损坏”，不能“主动损坏”。
• 过去 + 被动 → was damaged。

答案：D

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03. 一般过去 vs 过去进行：没有“正在”的证据就讲事实

题目：My mind wasn't on what he was saying so I'm afraid I ____ half of it.

• A. was missing
• B. had missed
• C. will miss
• D. missed

考点：一般过去 vs 过去进行；be afraid（恐怕）；what 名词性从句。

一眼抓手：没有时间点强调“正在”，只是叙述“错过了”。

课堂式推理：

• A 过去进行强调“当时正在错过”；D 一般过去是“确实错过了（事实陈述）”。
• 句子没给“那一刻正在……”的强调词/情景，老师课堂结论：这里更像讲故事 → 一般过去。

答案：D

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04. 过去进行：this morning 语境更像“当时在做”

题目：— Has Sam finished his homework today?
— I have no idea. He ____ it this morning.

• A. did
• B. has done
• C. was doing
• D. had done

考点：一般过去 vs 过去进行；this morning 作为“过去那段时间”的提示。

一眼抓手：问“今天做完了吗”→ 回答“不知道”+ this morning（过去时间段）。

课堂式推理：

• 若选 has done（已完成），语义上就不该回答 I have no idea。
• 过去完成 had done 需要“过去的过去”的参照点，这里没有。
• did（一般过去） vs was doing（过去进行）：课堂强调这里更像“早上那段时间他正在写作业”。

答案：C

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05. 一般过去：过去说过/提醒过一次

题目：I ____ you not to move my dictionary -- now I can't find it.

• A. asked
• B. ask
• C. was asking
• D. had asked

考点：一般过去；ask sb (not) to do sth。

一眼抓手：now（现在结果）→ 前面“提醒”发生在现在之前。

课堂式推理：

• B 一般现在不对。
• C 过去进行“当时正在请求”不符合一次性提醒。
• D 过去完成缺少参照过去点。
• 叙述过去一次提醒 → asked。

答案：A

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06. 一般现在被动：be expected（被期待）

题目：According to the art dealer, the painting ____ to go for at least a million dollars.

• A. is expected
• B. expects
• C. expected
• D. is expecting

考点：被动语态（老师口诀：被怎么怎么样）；according to；go for + 价格。

一眼抓手：painting 不会主动 expect → 必须被动。

课堂式推理：

• 语态先定：只能“被期待”。
• 选项里只有 A 是被动结构 is expected。

答案：A

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07. 现在完成被动：for + 一段时间

题目：— The window is dirty.
— I know. It ____ for weeks.

• A. hasn't cleaned
• B. didn't clean
• C. wasn't cleaned
• D. hasn't been cleaned

考点：for weeks（持续到现在）→ 现在完成；window 需要“被清洁”→ 被动。

一眼抓手：for weeks + “窗户不可能自己clean”。

课堂式推理：

• 语态：排除 A/B（主动）。
• for weeks：更偏“到现在为止一直没被清洁” → 现在完成。
• 现在完成 + 被动 → hasn't been cleaned。

答案：D

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08. 固定问法 What kept you?：一般过去

题目：— Thank goodness, you're here! What ____ you?
— Traffic jam.

• A. keeps
• B. is keeping
• C. had kept
• D. kept

考点：口语固定问法 What kept you?（是什么耽搁了你）；一般过去。

一眼抓手：你终于来了（动作已发生）→ 问“刚才是什么耽搁了”。

课堂式推理：

• 问的是已经发生过的原因，不是现在正在耽搁。
• 所以用一般过去 kept。

答案：D

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09. 主将从现：if 条件从句一般现在表将来

题目：The house could fall down soon if no one ____ some quick repair work.

• A. has done
• B. is doing
• C. does
• D. had done

考点：if 条件句：从句一般现在时表将来（主将从现）。

一眼抓手：if 引导条件。

课堂式推理：

• if 从句用一般现在时表示将来可能性。
• does 符合。

答案：C

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10. 现在完成被动：this year vs last year（到目前为止）

题目：More patients ____ in hospital this year than last year.

• A. treated
• B. have treated
• C. had been treated
• D. have been treated

考点：比较 this year / last year；被动（patients 被治疗）；现在完成。

一眼抓手：patients 需要被动 + this year（到目前为止）。

课堂式推理：

• 语态：排除 A/B（主动）。
• C 过去完成需要“过去的过去”。
• 现在完成被动：have been treated。

答案：D

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11. since：主句现在完成，从句落点一般过去

题目：Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people ______ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.

• A. begin
• B. began
• C. have begun
• D. had begun

考点：since + 时间点；完成时持续；从句常用一般过去标定开始点。

一眼抓手：主句 has increased since…（完成）→ 从句讲“当时开始”。

课堂式推理：

• begin（一般现在）不对。
• had begun（过去完成）缺少参照过去。
• 从句落在 1990s 开始的点 → began。

答案：B

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12. 一般过去：过去叙述的自然顺接

题目：The discussion ______ alive when an interesting topic was brought in.

• A. was coming
• B. had come
• C. has come
• D. came

考点：一般过去；bring in（引入话题）；被动 was brought in。

一眼抓手：when + was brought in（过去）→ 讨论“变活跃”同一过去叙述。

课堂式推理：

• had come（过去完成）需要“过去的过去”。
• has come（现在完成）不合语境。
• came（一般过去）最自然。

答案：D

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13. 现在进行：正在倒闭的过程（进程解释现状）

题目：Because the shop ______, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.

• A. has closed down
• B. closed down
• C. is closing down
• D. had closed down

考点：现在进行表示“正在发生的变化/进程”。

一眼抓手：主句一般现在（are sold）→ 从句更像“正在倒闭所以清仓”。

课堂式推理：

• 如果已经倒闭（has closed down / closed down），反而不如“正在倒闭”解释得通：正在关店 → 半价清货。
• had closed down 无参照过去点。

答案：C

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14. and / or 结构提示“将来结果”：will often see

题目：Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ______ advertisements showing happy families.

• A. will often see
• B. often see
• C. are often seeing
• D. have often seen

考点：并列连词逻辑（课堂提到：and 后常接“将来结果”）；一般将来。

一眼抓手：Turn on… and you…（做 A → 结果 B）。

课堂式推理：

• 这里更像“你这么做，你就会经常看到……” → 将来结果。

答案：A

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15. 问过去具体时间：一般过去 left

题目：— I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.
— Oh, how nice! Do you know when she ______?

• A. was leaving
• B. had left
• C. has left
• D. left

考点：问“什么时候发生”→ 一般过去；不需要完成含义。

一眼抓手：when + 离开这个动作（过去时间点）。

课堂式推理：

• 问的是离开时间点，而不是强调“已经离开对现在的影响”。
• 过去完成 had left 需要参照过去点。

答案：D

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16. 过去进行：我来拜访那一刻你正在等人

题目：— You were out when I dropped in at your house.
— Oh, I ______ for a friend from England at the airport.

• A. was waiting
• B. had waited
• C. am waiting
• D. have waited

考点：过去进行（强调当时正在）；drop in（顺便拜访）；wait for。

一眼抓手：when I dropped in（过去时间点）+ “我当时在做什么”。

课堂式推理：

• 用过去进行把动作“卡”在那个过去时刻：我正等人，所以不在家。

答案：A

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17. 主谓一致 + 现在完成：the sales（复数）→ have

题目：She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book ______ 50 million.

• A. have reached
• B. has reached
• C. are reaching
• D. had reached

考点：主谓一致（sales 复数）；现在完成表达“已达到”。

一眼抓手：主语 the sales（复数）。

课堂式推理：

• 复数主语配 have。
• set a new record 说明“已经达到”而不是“正在达到”。

答案：A

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18. 历史事实/已结束时期：一般过去 was

题目：It is said in the book that Thomas Edison (1847–1931) ______ the world leading inventor for sixty years.

• A. would be
• B. has been
• C. had been
• D. was

考点：历史陈述 → 一般过去。

一眼抓手：人物已逝 + “六十年”是已完结阶段。

课堂式推理：

• 不强调持续到现在（排除 has been）。
• 没有参照过去点（排除 had been）。

答案：D

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19. had just finished… and then…：后续动作一般过去

题目：— What were you doing when Tony phoned you?
— I had just finished my work and ______ to take a shower.

• A. had started
• B. started
• C. have started
• D. was starting

考点：过去叙述的时间顺序；had just finished（更早一点）+ and（顺接后续）。

一眼抓手：had just finished（先）+ and（后）。

课堂式推理：

• finished 是“过去中更早的完成”，后面顺接“随后开始” → 一般过去 started。

答案：B

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20. 过去完成进行：持续到过去某点（had been doing）

题目：The crazy fans ______ patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived.

• A. were waiting
• B. had been waiting
• C. had waited
• D. would wait

考点：过去完成进行（持续到过去某时点）；for + 时间长度。

一眼抓手：for two hours（持续） + 过去叙述背景（would wait）。

课堂式推理：

• 描述在过去某个叙述点之前已经“等了两个小时（并且一直在等）”→ had been waiting。

答案：B

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21. before + 过去动作：选一般过去 changed

题目：She ______ her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a better job.

• A. would change
• B. has changed
• C. changed
• D. was changing

考点：before（先后关系）+ 一般过去叙述。

一眼抓手：came（过去）+ before（在那之前做过）。

课堂式推理：

• 动作发生在过去（来重庆之前在老家换了发型）→ 一般过去更自然。

答案：C

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22. ever since：现在完成（has been）

题目：The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945 and their power ______ increased enormously ever since.

• A. is
• B. was
• C. has been
• D. had been

考点：ever since（从那时起一直到现在）→ 现在完成。

一眼抓手：ever since。

课堂式推理：

• ever since 强烈指向“持续到现在”的完成含义。
• 过去完成 had been 需要参照过去点。

答案：C

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23. 条件句 + 被动：people are persuaded

题目：The number of deaths form heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ______ to eat more fruit and vegetables.

• A. persuade
• B. will persuade
• C. be persuaded
• D. are persuaded

考点：if 条件从句一般现在；被动（人“被劝说”）。

一眼抓手：people 不是去劝别人，而是“被劝去吃”。

课堂式推理：

• 条件从句用一般现在。
• 语态需要被动：are persuaded。

答案：D

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24. 现在进行：噪音来自“正在准备派对”

题目：— What's that terrible noise?
— The neighbors ______ for a party.

• A. have prepared
• B. are preparing
• C. prepare
• D. will prepare

考点：现在进行表“此刻正在”。

一眼抓手：What’s that noise?（现在正在发生）。

课堂式推理：

• 噪音对应“现在正在准备”最贴合 → are preparing。

答案：B

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25. 现在完成进行：一直在考虑但还没决定

题目：Now that she is out of a job, Lucy ______ going back to school, but she hasn't decided yet.

• A. had considered
• B. has been considering
• C. considered
• D. is going to consider

考点：现在完成进行（持续动作）+ yet（仍未决定）。

一眼抓手：hasn't decided yet（到现在仍未决定）→ 之前一直在考虑。

课堂式推理：

• “一直在考虑（到现在）”用 has been considering 最贴合。

答案：B

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26. by + 将来时间点：将来完成被动

题目：The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics ______ by 2006.

• A. has been completed
• B. has completed
• C. will have been completed
• D. will have completed

考点：by + 将来时间点 → 将来完成；construction work 被完成 → 被动。

一眼抓手：by 2006（到……为止）+ all work（被完成）。

课堂式推理：

• “到 2006 年为止将会完成”→ will have done。
• work 不能主动完成自己 → will have been completed。

答案：C

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27. with 结构不决定单复数：主语 teacher 单数

题目：The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, ______ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.

• A. was
• B. were
• C. had been
• D. would be

考点：主谓一致；with 短语作补充说明；过去进行（was visiting）。

一眼抓手：真正主语 teacher（单数）。

课堂式推理：

• with… 不改变主语单复数。
• teacher 单数 → was。

答案：A

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28. or（否则）→ 将来结果：will never reach

题目：Let's keep to the point or we ______ any decisions.

• A. will never reach
• B. have never reached
• C. never reach
• D. never reached

考点：or 表“否则”+ 结果句常用将来；固定搭配 keep to the point。

一眼抓手：Let's… or…（否则就会……）。

课堂式推理：

• “否则我们永远达不成决定”→ 将来结果 will never reach。

答案：A

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29. 固定搭配：get changed

题目：Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can't have time to ______ before the party.

• A. get changed
• B. get change
• C. get changing
• D. get to change

考点：固定表达 get changed（换好衣服）。

一眼抓手：have time to + 动词原形；语义是“换衣服”。

课堂式推理：

• 正确搭配 get changed。

答案：A

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30. 过去叙述：all morning 那段时间里“紧张感增长了”

题目：All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness ______.

• A. has grown
• B. is growing
• C. grew
• D. had grown

考点：一般过去叙述；as 引导的过去背景。

一眼抓手：waited（过去）+ all morning（过去那段时间）。

课堂式推理：

• 叙述过去一早上的变化结果 → 一般过去 grew。
• 过去完成 had grown 需要参照过去点。

答案：C

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31. will + 动词原形：stay

题目：Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will ______ fresh for several days.

• A. be stayed
• B. stay
• C. be staying
• D. have stayed

考点：will + 原形；系动词 stay（保持）。

一眼抓手：will + ____。

课堂式推理：

• will 后用动词原形 stay。

答案：B

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32. thought（过去）→ 结果“没提”一般过去

题目：I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he ______ it.

• A. doesn't mention
• B. hadn't mentioned
• C. didn't mention
• D. hasn't mentioned

考点：过去叙述对比；but 转折；一般过去。

一眼抓手：I thought… would…（过去的预期）+ but（实际发生在过去）。

课堂式推理：

• 讲过去一次“没提到”→ didn’t mention。
• 过去完成 hadn’t mentioned 需要参照过去点。

答案：C

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33. At this time tomorrow：将来进行

题目：At this time tomorrow ______ over the Atlantic.

• A. we're going to fly
• B. we'll be flying
• C. we'll fly
• D. we're to fly

考点：将来进行 will be doing。

一眼抓手：At this time tomorrow（明天这个时刻）。

课堂式推理：

• 明天某一具体时刻“正在飞”→ will be flying。

答案：B

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34. had known：在那个过去点之前我早就知道了

题目：The news came as no surprise to me. I ______ for some time that the factory was going to shut down.

• A. had known
• B. knew
• C. known
• D. know

考点：过去完成（过去的过去）；for some time（在那之前持续一段时间）。

一眼抓手：news came（过去点）+ for some time（在那之前已经持续）。

课堂式推理：

• “消息来时我不惊讶，因为在那之前我就已经知道一段时间了”→ had known。

答案：A

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35. sooner：为“当时没说”道歉 → didn’t say

题目：— You haven't said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it?
— I'm sorry I ______ anything about it sooner. I certainly think it's pretty on you.

• A. wasn't saying
• B. don't say
• C. won't say
• D. didn't say

考点：一般过去否定；sooner（更早一点）提示“那时没说”。

一眼抓手：I’m sorry… sooner（为过去没做的事道歉）。

课堂式推理：

• 道歉的内容是“我更早一点没说”→ didn’t say。

答案：D

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一页总结：把每题都写成“三步”

以后遇到时态题，你可以固定写：

1. 时间轴：题干的“参照时间点”是哪一个？有没有 before/since/by/ever since/for/when/if？
2. 语态：主语能不能主动做这个动作？中文是不是更像“被……”？
3. 语境：要不要强调“正在发生/持续进行”？还是只是陈述事实？